France Immigration Visas and Permits

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France is one of the most romantic countries in the world, with its street cafes, restaurants, and romantic walks along the Seine, not to mention its coast, vineyards, and orchards. No wonder people want to immigrate to France to live, work and retire.

France is the largest country in Western Europe. It’s a member of the United Nations Security Council, a founding member of the European Union, and is part of the EU’s Schengen Area, which allows free movement throughout most of continental Europe.

France has traditionally been very protective of its domestic labour force and remains one of Europe’s most heavily ‘protected’ labour markets. However, in recent years there have been moves in a new direction, mainly to attract skill sets that are scarce in France, particularly in the IT industry.

There are several visa types for people who want to immigrate to France.

Types of France Visas and Permits:

There are seven types of visas and permits that provide several travel and immigration options to France:

  • Work Visas/Permits
  • French Tech Visa
  • Long Stay Visitor Visa
  • Retirement Visa
  • Family and Partner Visas/Permits
  • Study Visa/Permit
  • Investor/Own Business/Entrepreneur Visas/Permits

Work Visas/Permits

Work visas/permits are for those who want to move to France to take up gainful work and already have an offer of employment.

Types Work Visa and Permit in France:
The French Talent Passport

  1. EU Blue Card
  2. Intra-Company Transfer (ICT)
  3. Directors

Talent Passport/EU Blue Card

The Talent Passport categories are the most advantageous of France’s work/residence permits.
The Talent Passport EU Blue Card is for highly skilled people hired by French companies and forms part of a unified approach to issuing work visas or permits within the European Union.

Note: Employers aren’t required to justify a candidate market search.
The conditions for spouses are also favourable compared to other work permits.

Talent Passport Directors/CEOs

The Talent Passport for company directors enables people to move to France to be employed by a French company. A company director is appointed to act as a company’s representative in France for all acts relating to its management.

They are answerable to the shareholders, management and labour, and third parties, particularly in personnel management and employment law.

  1. Transfer to a French employment contract
  2. Secondment remaining on your home country employment contract.

Other employees

Your employer must get a work permit on your behalf if you don’t qualify for a Talent Passport Residence permit, which enables you to work in France.

As part of the process, the employer must prove they tried to find a suitable candidate in the French labour market.

French Tech Visa

This French visa is for people who want to invest in an innovative start-up, start their start-up, or join an established innovative tech company.
There are three sub-categories:

  1. Investors
  2. Founders
  3. Employees

The sub-categories fall under the Talent Passport. In addition, dedicated application procedures promise quick processing times, keeping up with the needs of the fast-paced tech start-up scene.

Long Stay Visitor/Retirement Visa

The long-stay visa is perfect for people who want to live in France without joining the labour market, for example, retirees.

Family and Partner Visas/Permits

Spouses and children of minor French nations, EU nationals living in France, and foreign nationals with a valid residence permit to live in France qualify to join their family members in the country.

Study Visa/Permit

Student visas and residence permits are for people enrolled in an academic programme, including French language schools if the education institution issues a diploma.

Investor/Own Business/Entrepreneur Visas/Permits

Investors and entrepreneurs have several options to establish company/business activities in France.
See more below.

Entrepreneurs and Investors Visa

Talent Passport Creation of a Company

Applicants can obtain a multi-year visa and residence permit for the creation of a business that is in the French economic interest and if they are investing 30 000 EUR into the company. This is valid for 4 years and is renewable.

Entrepreneur / Profession Liberale

Smaller entrepreneurs can obtain a 1-year visa and permit, with no minimum investment required, although the category is more discretionary than the Talent Passport Creation of a Company.

Investor Programmes

A visa and permit can be issued to a person investing at least 300 000 EUR into a company.

Long Stay Visitor/Retiree Visa

The long-stay visitor visa is not just a tourist visa, as it enables you to live in France for up to 365 days a year), provided you don’t work in the country. It’s ideal for retirees, digital nomads, and other non-active persons who want to live in France.

Family and Partner Visas/Permits

The Private and Family Life Visa – Vie privée et familiale (VPF) applies to married couples.

The spouse of an EU National (Conjoint d’un citoyen européen) applies to civil unions and PACS (civil solidarity pact) status. The EU national must prove communal living for at least a year.

France Visa Requirements, Forms & Documentation:

The visa requirements, forms, and documents to enter, live, and work in France and varied and complicated. Contact IBN Solutions and we’ll assign a specialist in French visas, permits, and immigration to oversee your application. 

We look at some of the requirements for specific visas below.

Talent Passport EU Blue Card

You can apply for one of these French visas if you have an employment offer or work contract with a French company for at least 12 months. 

It can be a fixed term or a permanent employment contract. 

You must earn a minimum gross annual salary of €53,836.50 (2024) or the minimum gross annual salary equivalent to the company’s collective bargaining agreement for the position and your experience (whichever is the higher amount).

You must have a three-year degree or five years of relevant professional experience.

Talent Passport Directors/CEO

You can apply for this French permit if you are already employed within the same company group and have at least three months’ service as an employee or company director.

You must receive a gross annual salary of at least €63,609.00 (2024).

Intra-Company Transfer

There are two types of ICT permits/visas

  1. Talent Passport Employee on Assignment (Passeport Talent Salarié en Mission) for intra-group transfers


You are transferred as an intra-corporate transfer to the affiliate in France. You are transferred to a local French employment contract, French payroll, and French social security. 

You have at least three months’ employment within the group before applying. 

The gross annual salary is a minimum of €38,165.40 (2024) which must also meet the French entity’s collective bargaining agreement for the position and the employee’s years of experience, whichever is the highest of the two.

  1. ICT Detachment (Détachement ICT) for intra-group transfers on detachment/secondment


You are transferred on detachment/secondment to France. You remain on your home country’s employment contract. Whether French social security is required depends on whether there is a bilateral social security agreement. 

You have at least six months’ employment within the group before applying.

The gross annual salary must meet the French entity’s collective bargaining agreement for the position and the employee’s years of experience.

Other Employees

Your employer must obtain a work permit on your behalf. 

The following factors will be considered as part of the work permit application: 

  • Employment shortages in the profession and region in question.
  • How well your skills and qualifications match the requirement of the proposed job.
  • Your employer’s compliance with legislation governing employment and social protection and regulatory conditions governing the position in question.
  • The conditions of employment and pay offered must be comparable to those granted to other company employees (or occupational sectors) in similar roles.
  • You must receive at least the statutory national minimum wage (SMIC) €1,766.92 (for 2024).
  • French Tech Investor

  • Investors must invest at least €300,000 and create or protect jobs within four years of the investment.
  • Start-up founders must prove financial resources for the year (approximately €18,500), and the project must be recognised as innovative through the French Tech Visa partner incubator or accelerator selection process.
  • Employees employed by a company recognised for its innovative nature and earning a minimum annual salary of €36,946 may apply for the French Tech Visa. A company can apply for this recognition online if it fulfils one of the characteristics to determine the innovation level of a company.
  • Once the company is recognised as innovative, employees can apply for the French Tech Visa.

    Long-Stay Visitor/Retiree Visa

    You must submit a commitment not to work in France physically. Remote work is possible, provided it’s not linked to France or the European Union. 

    You have proof of available funds of a minimum of €20,000.00 per year (per person).
    This income can come from a pension, annuities, dividends, rental income, savings, or remote working. 

    You have recognised health insurance covering the stay in France and the entire Schengen area. 

    You can prove you have accommodation in France.

    Family and Partner Visas

    Private and Family Life Visa – Vie privée et familiale (VPF) 

    Qualifying relationship terms and conditions

  • Authorised to work in any capacity
  • The duration of the residency permits is one year, then two years, then a 10-year residency permit.
  • After four years of marriage, you can file for naturalisation par declaration.
  • Immigration status will be based on a relationship. If married to a French national, the French administration will expect the application to be filed for an immigration status based on the marriage and not on a different status, such as employment. 
  • Should the relationship end, the person would have to change status.
  • Spouse of an EU National (Conjoint d’un citoyen européen)

    Qualifying relationship terms and conditions

  • Authorised to work in any capacity
  • The duration of the residency permit is five years, with an option to renew.
  • After five years in France, the partner can qualify for naturalisation or the 10-year card.
  • Immigration status will be based on the relationship with an EU national. French administration will expect the application to be filed for an immigration status based on the marriage or PACS and not on a different status, such as employment. 
  • Should the relationship end, the spouse must change the status.
  • Because the filing for this residency permit happens in France, there is likely a period between filing and receiving the immigration status. The applicant doesn’t have the right to travel abroad until the residency permit is obtained.
  • Student Visa

    The student visa has the following conditions:

  • Must have received a letter of enrollment at a French academic programme, including French language schools, if the course issues a diploma
  • Must have first registered on the Campus France website, which is the means through which all French student visas are processed 
  • Note: The visa length is determined by the length of the university/school programme.

    Advantages:

  • Allows the student to work 964 hours (40 full days – 80 half-days) during 12 months, the validity of the visa/permit (which is 60% of full time) in France.
  • The visa is renewable in France should the studies continue after the initial period. 
  • After completing a Master’s degree in France, students can receive a post-graduation 12-month non-renewable residency permit (“RECE” Recherche d’Emploi/Création d’Entreprise) which authorises the student to work, without the limit of 964 hours, as an employee or entrepreneur (set up a company) 
  • Upon completing two years of higher studies in France, the student is on the fast track to French naturalisation, which is reduced from a five-year to a two-year residence. 
  • Disadvantages:

  • It is considered a temporary status for a 10-year card application; but is not regarded as temporary for the five-year residence required for a naturalisation application.
  • Changing the status from student to employee/entrepreneur is a long process.
  • Students are not authorised to work independently, for example, as an auto-entrepreneur.
  • Residency Permit Recherche d’emploi et Création d’emploi (RECE) (formally known as APS)

    The requirements: 

  • Applicants must currently have a student or researcher “Chercheur” valid residency permit at the time of filing.
  • Applicants must have obtained a diploma or attestation for having graduated (attestation de réussite) issued by the relevant school.
  • Advantages: 

  • 12 months of work authorisation, with no limitation on the maximum hours 
  • The work during that time can be outside your studies and with multiple employers.
  • At the end of the 12 months, if students have a job offer in line with their studies in France and a gross salary of above €27,709, there is no requirement for the employer to justify a candidate market search for the change of status application to the employee. 
  • Disadvantages:

  • The permit is for one year and isn’t renewable
  • Investor/Own Business/Entrepreneur Visas/Permits

    Conditions

    1. Investors must invest directly, this may be personally or through a company they direct or hold at least 30% of the capital
    2. They must commit to creating or safeguarding employment within four years of investing in France
    3. The investment must be at least €300,000, made up of tangible or intangible fixed assets. 

    Talent Passport Investor 

    Under this category, a spouse and minor children may apply for the Talent Passport Family visa. Spouses are authorised to work on this visa. The duration of this permit category is generally four years and is renewable.

    After five of living in France, investors can file for naturalisation to become a French citizen or for a 10-year permit.

    After three months of living in France, investors can file for a French social security number and medical card with the CPAM.

    The initial €300,000 investment must be transferred into a French bank account opened in the name of the French company. This can take some time if applicants are starting a new company.

    The timeframe for setting up a new company in France can be lengthy, and document requirements can be extensive and complex. The investor must have at least 10% of the controlling interest in the company.

    The consulate will thoroughly review the investment and the companies involved, which can take time. 

    Note: Processing can take six to twelve weeks from the date of filing at the French Consulate.

    Talent Passport Company Creation

    To be eligible for the Talent Passport visa, applicants must have a tertiary education qualification equivalent to a Master’s degree or five years of professional experience of a comparable level.

    Applicants must be able to justify setting up a genuine company or business in France, whether commercial, artisanal, or industrial. They can work on clients’ sites under certain conditions.

    They must also prove they’ve invested at least €30,000 in the business project. Funds must be deposited in the company’s French bank account.

    Under this category, a spouse and minor children may apply for the Talent Passport Family visa. An advantage of this visa is that spouses are allowed to gain employment.

    The visa is valid for four years and is renewable.

    After living in France for five years, applicants can file for naturalisation to become a French citizen or for a 10-year permit. 

    After living in France for three months, they can file for a French social security number and medical card with the CPAM.

    Note: The work must be relevant to the company and can’t be for a third party.

    The business plan must be comprehensive enough to convince the Consulate and the Préfecture that the company project is viable.

    The processing timeframe, from the date of filing at the French Consulate to issuing the visa, is estimated at six to twelve weeks.

    Talent Passport Entrepreneurs

    Entrepreneurs set up a micro-enterprise (individual commercial registration) and offer their services, generally as external consultants.

    Applicants must provide a viable business project that justifies the creation of the enterprise. This includes having more than one major client. If this requirement isn’t met, the Prefecture/Consulate will determine non-compliance under French labour law, and the unique client in France should “hire” the applicant. 

    They must demonstrate that the minimum income will be above the French minimum wage of €18,000 annually.

    They must prove their experience and knowledge in the relevant. 

    The visa authorises the applicant to work independently in France.

    The initial permit is valid for one year, but you can renew it for four years if the Prefecture sees the project is financially successful (above €20,000 to €30,000 € annually). It’s possible to file for a 10-year card or French nationality eventually.

    Note: The Entrepreneur/Profession Libérale visa is a highly discretionary application that depends on how the Consulate and Préfecture interpret the application file. A detailed business plan must show that the enterprise is financially viable.  

    The work can only be work associated with the Entrepreneur’s commercial activity. It doesn’t cover work for a third party).

    Unfortunately, there is no accompanying family permit. Spouses can only apply for long-stay visitor visas that don’t allow them to work. However, they can apply under a separate category. 

    The processing time can be one to two months at the French Consulate. If filed at the Prefecture, it can take three to seven months.

    France Visa Costs:

    Costs for French immigration visas vary considerably. You must talk to your consultant to determine the fees and expenses that apply to your specific French visa. 

    Your French immigration consultant will provide an accurate estimate of all costs, direct and indirect, so you can properly budget for your move to France.

    How to Apply for France Visas:

    Certain steps are applicable for all applications, for example, valid passports and two current passport-size photos. Other steps apply to specific visas only. Let’s look at the process for some of the immigration visa types.

    Talent Passport EU Blue Card

    The first step is to consult your French immigration specialist about the process for this visa. Together you can confirm that the job offer and your qualifications meet the minimum requirements for the Talent Passport EU Blue Card. Then both of you can properly prepare all documents and other requirements. 

    Submit your visa application through the French embassy or consulate general in your home country or country of residence. Your family members can apply at the same time. 

    You must travel to France to apply for your final residence permit and receive the permit through your local Prefecture in France.  

    After living in France for three months, you can file for a French social security number and medical card with the CPAM. 

    Note: You must remain with the same employer in France for the first two years. 

    How long can I stay in France? 

    The permit will be issued for a maximum of four years on a renewable basis. 

    After five years of living in France, you will be eligible to file for naturalisation to become a French citizen or for a 10-year permit.

    Talent Passport Directors/CEOs

    Your consultant will help you ensure that the job offer and qualifications meet these French immigration visa requirements.

    Your consultant will also help you compile all your forms and documents into an application pack, which will be submitted through the French embassy or consulate general in your home country or country of residence. Family members can submit their applications at the same time.

    You will have to go to France to apply for your final residence permit and receive the permit through your local Prefecture in France.  

    After three months of living in France, you can file for a French social security number and medical card with the CPAM. 

    How long can I stay in France? 

    The permit will be issued for a maximum of four years on a renewable basis. 

    After you’ve lived in France for five years, you will be eligible to file for naturalisation to become a French citizen or for a 10-year permit. 

    Intra-Company Transfer

    Your specialist in French visas will help you and your employer determine which ICT route best suits your situation. Together you’ll prepare the forms and documents and compile an application pack. The pack will be submitted through the French embassy or consulate general in your home country or country of residence. Your spouse and minor children submit their applications at the same time. 

    The next step in the process is to travel to France, where you will apply for your final residence permit, which you’ll receive through your local Prefecture in France. 

    After living in France for three months, you can file for a French social security number and medical card with the CPAM. 

    Note: This French visa doesn’t allow you to change employers. If you want to change employers, you must return to your home country and submit another application to the French Consulate.

    How long can I stay in France? 

    A transfer to a local French employment contract is generally issued for four years and is renewable.

    Once you’ve lived in France for five years, you can apply for naturalisation to become a French citizen. 

    Note: You aren’t eligible for the 10-year card under this category, unlike almost all other immigration categories.  

    If you remain in your home country, the permit is issued for a maximum of three years and is not renewable. When the assignment ends, you will be required to leave France. 

    Other Employees

    Your employer must apply for this permit on your behalf. Your specialist in French permits will work with your employer to ensure all requirements are appropriately met.

    Once the work permit is issued and your documents have been prepared, you submit your visa application through the closest French consulate or embassy. 

    You must then travel to France for your Medical Examination. 

    Your visa is validated online and will then become your residence permit. 

    How long can I stay in France? 

    The validity of the residence permit is 12 months and is renewable. However, the renewal is subject to contestation based on the factors influencing the initial permit approval. 

    After spending five years in France, you will be eligible to file for naturalisation to become a French citizen or for the 10-year permit, provided you have received a permanent employment contract.

    French Tech Visa

    Work with your French immigration specialist to confirm that you meet the criteria concerning innovativeness to fall under the French Tech Visa programmes.

    Together you’ll prepare all forms and documents necessary for your visa application. Your application is submitted through the French embassy or consulate general in your home country or country of residence. Family members can apply at the same time. 

    You must go to France to apply for your final residence permit in person and receive the permit through your local Prefecture in France.  

    After spending three months in France, you can file for a French social security number and medical card with the CPAM. 

    How long can I stay in France? 

    The permit will be issued for a maximum of four years on a renewable basis. 

    You’ll be eligible to file for naturalisation to become a French citizen or for a 10-year permit after living in France for five years.

    Long-Stay Visitor/Retirement Visa

    Prepare all documents for your visa application together with your IBN consultant. Then submit your visa application through the French consulate or embassy. 

    You’ll have to go to France for the Medical Examination. 

    Your visa is validated online. Your visa will become your residence permit. 

    After three months in France, you can file for a French social security number and medical card with the CPAM. You’ll only be able to benefit if you pay into the system. 

    How long can I stay in France? 

    The visa will be issued for one year and is renewable from within France, provided the requirements for the visa are still fulfilled. 

    It is possible to change to a different permit category (to work or run your own business), but such applications can take a long time to process through the local Prefecture. 

    After five years in France, you will be eligible to file for naturalisation to become a French citizen or for a 10-year permit. At this stage, showing a strong connection to French society and economy is imperative.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Work permits in France are based on the type of work, employers, and validity of the permits.

    • Skills and Talent work permit or TALENT-PASSPORT:

    You can apply for this permit provided you can contribute significantly to the French economy. The contribution is especially important in intellectual, scientific, cultural, sporting, and humanitarian fields. If you prove you’ll be involved in a specific project, you can apply for a three-year – renewable – Talent-Passport (“carte competences et talents”).

    The following are included: EU Blue Card holders, Master’s graduates recruited to work in an innovative company, foreign nationals with projects deemed innovative, and other categories.

    Your spouse can work in France. You needn’t apply at DIRECCTE, but at the French Consulate abroad.

    • Employed’ or ‘salaried’ and temporary workers’ permit:

    If you have been employed for 18 months on a long-stay work visa or temporary worker, then your spouse and minor children can apply for a one-year visitor’s visa. This visa does NOT allow them to work in France.

    • Employees on assignment (or expatriate employees) or ICT permit:

    If you have been working for at least three months in a company overseas and are seconded (transferred) to a branch or affiliate in France, and will be earning 1.5 times the minimum wage (around €2,105 per month), then you are eligible to apply for this permit. It is the ICT permit’s French equivalent and is valid for up to three years.

    Your spouse can join you on this permit but is NOT allowed to work until they have been in France for six months and have been granted a vie privée et familiale permit. However, if the principal applicant is a senior manager, then there is a version of the permit that allows the spouse to work. ICT permits are now processed directly in the French Consulates abroad.

    The ICT permit also covers the following categories:

    • ICT intern: As part of an intra-group partnership agreement.
    • Mobile ICT employee: Possible for a foreign national living in another EU country with an “ICT posted employee” or “ICT intern” status.

    In most cases, you need a “work visa for a short-term stay”, and your employer needs to have the work contract approved by DIRECCTE (the ‘Direction Départementale du Travail, de l’Emploi et de la Formation Professionnelle’) in English (Labour Department). Certain activities are work permit exempt (if under 90 days).

    These include:

    • Sporting, cultural, artistic, and scientific events
    • Conferences, seminars, and trade exhibitions
    • Cinema, audio, and show production and distribution when the applicant is an artist or part of the technical team
    • Models
    • Domestic employees during their stay in France with their employees
    • Audit and computer experts, management, finance, insurance, architect, and engineering missions
    • Occasional teaching activities by guest professors

    It takes approximately 5 – 15 working days to be processed in South Africa, provided all documents are submitted successfully.

    You will need a long-stay visa. These long-stay visas can be issued for academic, professional, or private reasons, including retirement. The visa will be adapted to your specific reasons and duration of stay.

    If you come to France for work, your employer must apply for a separate work and residence permit (carte de séjour) on your behalf.

    The residence permit (“carte de sejour”) is a separate permit obtained from your local town hall (“prefecture”) for a long-term stay in France. If you have a visa issued for three to twelve months, this must be registered with the French Office of Immigration and Integration and then replaces the “carte de sejour”.

    After five years of legal residence in France, you can apply for a “carte de resident”, a 10-year residence permit. Our expert partners in France can assist with registering and obtaining the “carte de sejour” once you are in France.

    You collect it from your local town hall (‘Prefecture’) in your city in France. You don’t need to worry about it before you arrive in France. The residence permit will stipulate the purpose of your stay, and all relevant info will be mentioned on your work permit.

    You need to renew your residence permit every year EXCEPT if you have a special permit ‘carte compétences et talents’ (also referred to as TALENT PASSPORT), in which case your residence permit will be valid for three years and acts as a combined visa, work and residence permit. If you have been legally living in France for at least five consecutive years, you can apply for a ‘carte de resident ‘, valid for 10 years.

    Your employer in France must obtain authorisation for you to work.
    You must first have an employer.

    If your summer job is fewer than three months, check if your activity isn’t work-permit exempt. If not, then your employer in France will get you a temporary work permit approved by the French Ministry of Labour, the DIRECCTE (Direction régionale des enterprises, de la concurrence et de la consummation, du travail et de l’emploi).

    If your summer job is longer than three months, you will be eligible for a residence permit valid for three years and renewable for another three years. This permit allows you to work in seasonal employment for a maximum period of six months out of every 12 months

    Yes, your family can accompany you for all long-stay work visas.
    The category of visa issued to your family will depend on your visa.

    Your employer will need to start the accompanying family member visa application procedure simultaneously as they begin your long-stay work visa process.

    Yes, but it is called an “Exceptional Economic Contribution Permit”.
    This permit is for investors investing substantial funds in France OR creating more than 50 jobs in France.

    They then qualify for a 10-year residence permit.
    Their spouses and minor children automatically qualify and get the same rights as the principal applicant.

    Yes, France even has a legal term for it – PACS (“Pacte Civil de Solidarité”), which means “contract of civil partnership, contact of the civil union” and can be agreed on between two people to formalise their life in common.

    This form of union can be dissolved unilaterally.
    The PACS exists ONLY in France.

    Yes, France recognises same-sex marriages, and they have equal rights in front of the law as heterosexual couples.

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